Model trains have captivated rail enthusiasts for generations. From designing an intricate layout to crafting realistic scenery, building a miniature railway offers a rewarding experience. The sight of a locomotive gliding along the track brings a real sense of accomplishment and joy. But where did this passion originate, and how has it evolved over time? Let’s take a look at the history of model trains and explore what you need to know to dive into this timeless hobby.
The history of model trains
The fascination with model trains began as soon as steam locomotives became a part of everyday life. Early examples were expensive, crafted with incredible detail, and reserved only for the wealthiest enthusiasts. These intricate models reflected the skill and expertise involved in their creation.
1900s - 1930s
With advances in manufacturing and mass production techniques, owning a model railway became more accessible. Companies like Hornby began offering pre-assembled train sets, making it easier for hobbyists to get started. These early models featured clockwork driving mechanisms which offered an extra element of interactivity.
The rise of electricity in the home during the 1920s and 1930s introduced the electric train set. These models ran more smoothly and provided a more accurate representation of real trains. Enthusiasts could even purchase overhead wires and third rails, which added to the realism of their layouts.
1940s - 1970s
A period of relative peace and stability following wartime allowed manufacturers to begin expanding their ranges. Hornby’s Dublo range, the company’s first die-cast models, gained popularity due to their detailed and realistic design. During this time, the 00 gauge (or Double-O scale) emerged, making it possible to create a larger layout without requiring too much space. The plastic injection molding allowed for more detailed models at a lower cost.
1980s - Present
Towards the end of the 20th century, hobbyists desired ever more realistic and specialised models. Companies like Bachmann and Peco responded by creating highly detailed models that closely mimicked real-life locomotives. The availability of additional detailing parts, scenery, and accessories, added further depth to the hobby.
Technological advances, such as the Digital Command Control (DCC) systems, allowed multiple trains to operate on the same track simultaneously. Sound and lighting systems have become more realistic, adding to the overall experience. One of the most exciting developments has been the advent of 3D printing. Hobbyists can design and print their own custom locomotives, layouts, accessories, and more.
Magazines and community resources
Magazines like Modern Railway News (1925-1962) and The Railway Modeller (1949 - Present) have inspired and educated enthusiasts. More recently, brands such as Hornby have launched their own magazines, such as Hornby Magazine which showcases their products and creative ways hobbyists use them.
Today, the internet offers countless forums, Youtube channels, and social media groups for model train enthusiasts to connect, share ideas, and seek advice. What was once a solitary hobby is now a community in its own right.
Choosing different types of model trains
When purchasing model trains, two key factors will shape your decision: the scale of the models and the era you want your trains to represent.
Scale
The scale refers to how much smaller the model is compared to the real-life train it represents. Different scales offer different levels of detail and suitability for spaces. Common scales include:
- OO (1:76): Popular with brands like Hornby
- N scale (1:148): Ideal for compact spaces
- O scale (1:43.5): Larger trains with greater detail
- G scale (1:22.5): Used for garden railways
- TT scale (1:120): Another smaller option for limited spaces
Era
Model trains span a wide range of historical periods. Steam locomotives like The Flying Scotsman are popular in vintage layouts. Whereas diesel engines like Class 37s are often found on mid-1900s designs. Modern layouts often include electric and high-speed trains, which can be mixed up with freight, passenger, and royal trains.
Looking for the real deal?
If you’re looking for a model of your favourite real-life train, brands like Dapol, Heljan, and Hornby offer accurate replicas including:
- Freight wagons
- Express coaches
- Commuter trains
- Royal trains
- Heritage trains
These models cover everything from steam locomotives like The Mallard to diesel engines and modern electric locomotives.
Model railway terminology
Like many hobbies, model trains come with their own set of terminology. Understanding these terms is essential for building, operating, and maintaining a model railway layout.
Key terms include:
- Rolling stock: All railway vehicles, including locomotives and carriages.
- Trackbed: The foundation that the train track is laid on.
- Points: Also known as switches, these are track components that allow trains to change direction.
- Turnout: A section of track where trains switch tracks.
- Couplings: Devices that connect locomotives or railway cars.
- Ballasting: Adding gravel or crushed stone around the track for realism.
- Fiddleyard: A storage area for unused trains.
- Control panel: The interface used to operate the trains and accessories.
- Signal: Trackside devices that show train movement positions. These are often a feature of more advanced setups.
The essentials of model train sets
A model train set is designed to operate as a functioning miniature railway system. A few essential components are necessary, here’s what you’ll need:
Locomotives
These units pull or push the train along the track. They come in various power types - steam, diesel, and electric, depending on the overall aesthetic of your layout. The size and scale of the locomotives will depend on the space available for your model railway.
Rolling stock
The cars that the locomotives pull. These include freight and passenger cars, as well as specialty cars like tankers or flatbeds. Each type serves a different purpose in the model world.
Track
Without a track, the trains will have nowhere to move. Tracks come in a variety of gauges and types, including straight, curved, and switch tracks.
Scenery and buildings
Modellers add elements of scenery like mountains, trees, and roads to enhance the authenticity of the layout. Some enthusiasts even add buildings like stations, factories, and houses to create a whole model village.
Control systems
Power supplies and controllers regulate the speed of the trains, as well as their movement. These can be analogue or digital, depending on your preference.
Together, these components form the heart of a model train set, allowing hobbyists to create layouts that truly reflect the charm and excitement of real-life trains.
Get a full-scale experience with Avanti West Coast
If you are a railway enthusiast, chances are your passion started with an unforgettable train journey. After all, without real trains, there would be no model ones. Every miniature locomotive is inspired by its full-sized counterpart, including our own iconic fleet.
If you’re looking for inspiration for your next setup or simply a break from the small scale, why not take a real journey? Booking a trip can reignite your love for the railway and leave you brimming with new ideas for your model world.